Question

What principle Van De Graaf Generator work.

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Solution
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Principle: We know that the capacity of a uniformly charged hollow spherical conductors is Obviously, for the capacity to be large the radius should be large. Further at the pointed ends of a charged conductor, the surface density of charge (i.e., charge/area) is more as compared to any plane surface, therefore the electric field near the pointed ends of the conductor is stronger than at any other places. The working of the Van-de Graff generator is based on these facts. 
Uses:
(i) To generate high voltage. 
(ii) To accelerate particles, protons, and deuterons, etc in nuclear disintegration. 
(iii) Disadvantage: Due to its large size it is not convenient to carry it from one place to another.

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