What should be the orientation of a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field so that its potential energy is maximum?
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Potential energy of a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field U=−MBcosq clearly the potential energy is maximum when cosθ=−1 or θ=π That is, potential energy is maximum when magnetic dipole with its magnetic moment M is oriented opposite to the direction of magnetic field ( or angle between M and δ is 180o).