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Question

Which of Mendel's procedures differed from those of his predecessor and contributed most of his success?
  1. He observed many characteristics of each trait.
  2. He observed distinct inherited traits.
  3. He quantitatively analysed his data.
  4. He kept breeding records.

A
He quantitatively analysed his data.
B
He observed many characteristics of each trait.
C
He kept breeding records.
D
He observed distinct inherited traits.
Solution
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  • Mendel studied the common garden pea plant that exhibited discontinuous characteristics such as flower colour and pea texture.
  • Mendel chose seven pairs of contrasting traits, namely plant height, flower position, pod colour, pod shape, seed colour, seed shape and flower colour. He observed only two alternative forms of a trait, for example, tall and dwarf in plant height, the axial and terminal position of flowers etc.
  • Although his predecessors studied the inheritance pattern of distinct traits; but he was first to apply the quantitative approach, the statistical analysis, to biological science which allowed him to interpret and analyse the pattern of inheritance mathematically.
  • This helped Mendel to explain the laws of heredity.
  • Thus, the correct answer is option C.

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