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Which of the following describes the given graph correctly?
- Endothermic reaction with energy A in absence of enzyme and B in presence of enzyme.
- Exothermic reaction with energy a is absence of enzyme and B in presence of enzyme.
- Exothermic reaction with energy A in presence of enzyme and B in absence of enzyme.
- Endothermic reaction with energy A is presence of enzyme and B in absence of enzyme.
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Solution
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Any chemical reaction includes formation of transition state between reactant and product. Formation of transition state requires high energy content of reactant molecules for alignment of reacting groups, formation of transient unstable charges, rearrangements of chemical bonds etc. The energy required for formation of transition state is termed as activation energy. Enzymes enhance the rate of reaction by lowering down the activation energy of transition state. In given graph, energy of substrate is higher than that of product reflecting the endothermic nature of reaction. And B is the activation energy in absence of enzyme which is lowered down to A in presence of enzyme.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
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Similar Questions
Q1
Study the reaction given below:
In absence of any enzyme this reaction is very slow, with 200 molecules of H2CO3 being formed in an hour. In presence of enzyme the reaction speeds up dramatically with about 600,000 molecules formed every second. Name the enzyme which has accelerated up the reaction by 10 million times.
In absence of any enzyme this reaction is very slow, with 200 molecules of H2CO3 being formed in an hour. In presence of enzyme the reaction speeds up dramatically with about 600,000 molecules formed every second. Name the enzyme which has accelerated up the reaction by 10 million times.
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Q2
Study the reaction given below:
In absence of any enzyme this reaction is very slow, with 200 molecules of H2CO3 being formed in an hour. In presence of enzyme the reaction speeds up dramatically with about 600,000 molecules formed every second. Name the enzyme which has accelerated up the reaction by 10 million times.
In absence of any enzyme this reaction is very slow, with 200 molecules of H2CO3 being formed in an hour. In presence of enzyme the reaction speeds up dramatically with about 600,000 molecules formed every second. Name the enzyme which has accelerated up the reaction by 10 million times.
View Solution
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Q4
The figure given above shows the conversion of a substrate into produced by an enzyme. In which one of the four option (1-4), the components of reaction labelled as A, B, C and D are identified correctly.
| A | B | C | D | |
| 1 | Activation energy with enzyme | Transition state | Activation energy without enzyme | Potential energy |
| 2 | Potential energy | Transition state | Activation energy with enzyme | Activation energy without enzyme |
| 3 | Transition state | Potential energy | Activation energy without enzyme | Activation energy with enzyme |
| 4 | Potential energy | Transition state | Activation energy with enzyme | Activation energy without enzyme |
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Q5
The following scheme shows the relationship between an enzyme (E) and its substrate (S), product (P) and an inhibitor (I):
In the above scheme, assume that
(i) increasing the concentration of S increases the activity of the enzyme
(ii) at low substrate concentrations, the presence of I reduces reaction velocity, and
(iii) the same maximum velocity of reaction can be reached in the presence or absence of I.
Which of the following terms best describes what is occurring in pathway B?
In the above scheme, assume that
(i) increasing the concentration of S increases the activity of the enzyme
(ii) at low substrate concentrations, the presence of I reduces reaction velocity, and
(iii) the same maximum velocity of reaction can be reached in the presence or absence of I.
Which of the following terms best describes what is occurring in pathway B?