Which of the following is an example of a point mutation?
Typhoid fever
Sickle cell anaemia
Night blindness
Down's syndrome
A
Typhoid fever
B
Sickle cell anaemia
C
Down's syndrome
D
Night blindness
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Solution
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A mutation is a type of mutation in which only one or few nucleotides are changed in a gene sequence. Sickle-cell anaemia is caused by a point mutation in the β-globin chain of haemoglobin. As a result, the hydrophilic amino acid, glutamic acid is replaced with the hydrophobic amino acid, valine at the sixth position.
Typhoid fever is a bacterial disease caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi or Salmonella paratyphi.
Night blindness is caused by vitamin A deficiency.
Down's syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality called as trisomy 21 in which an extra copy of the chromosome 21 is present.
Hence, the correct answer is the option C.
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