Question

Which one of the following is considered as pioneer community in xerarch?

• A. Annual herb
• B. Perennial herb
• C. Forest stage
• D. Scrub stage
• E. Lichen

Answer 1

Answer: (E)

Xerarch succession takes place in dry areas and the series progress from xeric to mesic conditions. The species that invade a bare area are called pioneer species. In primary succession on rocks, lichensa are found as they secrete acids to dissolve rock which in turn helps in weathering and soil formation. These later gave rise to very small plants like bryophytes, which are able to take hold in the small amount of soil. They are, with time, succeeded by bigger plants, and after several more stages, ultimately a stable climax forest community is formed.

Thus, the correct answer is option E.