The most important climatic control is latitude. Latitude affects the temperature of a place. The places situated at higher altitudes which are far from equator receive less sunlight and places which are located towards the equator receives more sunlight and are hotter than the places located at higher latitudes. Sunlight also affects precipitation or rainfall. Thus, latitudinal position of a region decides the climate of the place.
India extends roughly from 8°N to 37°N and the Tropic of Cancer of passes through the middle of the country. Areas south of the Tropic of Cancer are closer to the equator and experience high temperature throughout the year. The northern parts on the other hand lie in the warm temperature zone. Hence they experience comparatively low temperatures. Some places record considerably low temperatures particularly in winter due to presence of the Himalayas.