Bromic Acid is also known as Hydrogen bromate or Bromic (V) acid. This article will explain it. It is an oxoacid and it exists only in the aqueous solution. Although, it is a solution that has no color, during its decomposition to bromine at room temperature, the color of the solution changes to yellow. This topic will show the Bromic Acid Formula with some examples. Let us learn about this interesting substance.
Source: en.wikipedia.org
Bromic Acid Formula
What is Bromic Acid?
Bromic acid i.e. Hydrogen bromate is a powerful oxidizing agent and is a popular ingredient in Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. One can get it as a product in the reaction of barium bromate \(Ba(BrO_3)_2)\) and sulfuric acid \( H_2SO_4\). Barium sulfate exists in a precipitate form. So, bromic acid can be decanted by removing the precipitated barium sulfate.
The Formula for Bromic Acid:
The molecular or chemical formula of Bromic Acid is: \(HBrO_3\)
There are several isomers of it.  Bromic acid is an oxoacid and only exists in the form of an aqueous solution. It is a colorless solution that turns yellow at room temperature and further, it decomposes into bromine.
Properties of Bromic Acid:
One cannot find it in a pure state easily. Though, it can be found in a solution. It is very corrosive in nature and a strong oxidizing agent. It is also similar to chloric acid and is an inorganic acid. Also, it is not available in a free state, but it exists in aqueous solutions with a maximum concentration of 50.6 percent.
The solution of bromic acid decomposes in the air upon standing and particularly upon heating. One can obtain Bromic acid through the decomposition of its barium salt with sulfuric acid. Also one can get it by the passage of chlorine through bromine water:
\(5 Cl_2 + Br_2 + 6 H_2O \rightarrow 2 HBrO_3 + 10 HCl\)
Bromic acid salts i.e. bromates are stable under ordinary conditions. But upon heating they decompose, and release the oxygen:
\(2KBrO_3 \rightarrow 2KBr + 3O_2\)
Bromates are obtained by electrochemical oxidation of the corresponding bromides. In the acidic solutions, bromic acid and its salts exhibit strong oxidizing properties, reducing to the ion of \(Br^{-}\) or to free bromine. They are also in use as oxidizing agents.
HBr is very easily soluble in water and forming a hydrobromic acid solution, and this is saturated at 68.85% of HBr by weight. On the other hand, Barium sulfate is insoluble in water and forms a precipitate.
Usages:
Bromic acid is useful for making bromates. Hydrobromic acid is mainly useful for the production of inorganic bromides. Especially the bromides of zinc, calcium, and sodium. One can also use, it as a reagent for generating organobromine compounds. It also catalyzes the alkylation reactions and the extraction of certain ores.
Bromine works as a powerful oxidizing agent and is able to release the oxygen-free radicals from the water in mucous membranes. It is considered that the bromide ions substituting for chloride ions in actions of neurotransmitters and transport systems. And hence it is affecting numerous synaptic processes.
Solved Examples on Bromic Acid Formula
Q.1: Calculate the molecular weight of Bromic Acid.
Solution: Formula of Bromic Acid is:
\(HBrO_3\)
Its molecular weight will be:
= \(1.00794 + 79.904 + 3 \times 15.999\)
= 128.909 gram per mole.
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