Chemistry Formulas

Dinitrogen Pentoxide Formula

Dinitrogen Pentoxide formula is also known as Nitrogen pentoxide formula or sometimes as Nitroether formula. It is explained in this article in easy terms for students. This salt consists of cations and anions both as usual. Linear nitronium ion is the cation and the planar nitrate ion is the anion. This article will discuss the Dinitrogen Pentoxide formula with examples. Some properties and usages are also given here. Let us learn it!

Dinitrogen Pentoxide Formula

Dinitrogen Pentoxide formula

Concept of Dinitrogen Pentoxide

This compound occurs as a colorless to white crystalline solid which easily sublimes slightly above the room temperature. It slowly decomposes at room temperature into nitrogen dioxide and oxygen gas. It is easily soluble in water and chloroform both.

During the year 1840, Deville was the first to identify and report to the Dinitrogen Pentoxide. It can be synthesized by doing dehydration of nitric acid with phosphorus V oxide. It is mainly useful as a reagent to introduce nitrogen dioxide functionality.

Therefore, Dinitrogen Pentoxide is the anhydride form of nitric acid and available as white crystals. It is a very unstable compound and hence it decomposes spontaneously at room temperature. With nitric acid, it gives a high concentration of nitronium cation. Dinitrogen Pentoxide is unstable and mildly explosive chemicals but at present, it has no commercial value.

It is a strong oxidizer and can form explosive mixtures with ammonium salts and organic compounds. When it decomposes it produces highly toxic nitrogen dioxide gas. It has an irritating odor and as well as it is highly poisonous. Under normal atmospheric conditions, it exists in equilibrium with nitrogen tetroxide i.e. N_2 O_4.

The formula for Dinitrogen Pentoxide

Its chemical formula is: \(N_2O_5\)

This white solid formed by the dehydration of nitric acid by phosphorus (V) oxide. Its chemical equation is:

\(P_4O_{10} + 4 HNO_3 \rightarrow 4 HPO_3 + 2 N_2O_5\)

Physical Properties of Dinitrogen Pentoxide:

Its density is 1.642 gram per cubic cm. Its boiling point is 47-degree C and the melting point is 41 degrees C. It is heavier than air.

Chemical Properties of Dinitrogen Pentoxide:

  • Dinitrogen Pentoxide reacts with water to form nitric acid i.e. \(HNO_3\).
  • Its balanced chemical equation is: \(N_2O_5 + H_2O \rightarrow 2HNO_3\)
  • Dinitrogen Pentoxide reacts with a base such as sodium hydroxide i.e. NaOH to form the sodium nitrate with water. The chemical equation is balanced form is given below.
  • \(N_2O_5 + 2 NaOH \rightarrow 2 NaNO_3 + H_2O (l)\)

Uses of Dinitrogen Pentoxide

It is useful in the following:

  • As a robust oxidizer in high-fuel rockets.
  • In the solvents that are not based on the water so that molecules that are very sensitive to water can be easily nitrated.
  • As a nitrating agent in modern synthetic organic chemistry. A balanced combination of \(N_2O_5 and HNO_3\) is also a good and strong nitrating agent.
  • To denote the light intensities transmitted while the cell was occupied by the decomposing nitrogen pentoxide.

Solved Examples on Dinitrogen Pentoxide Formula

Q.1: Calculate the molar mass of Dinitrogen Pentoxide.

Solution: Formula for Dinitrogen Pentoxide is: \(N_2O_5\)

So, its molar mass will be:

= \(2 \times 14.0067 + 5 \times 15.999\)

= 108.01 gram per mol.

Therefore, the molar mass of Dinitrogen Pentoxide is 108.01 gram per mole.

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