We can do the mathematical calculations easily in the C++ programming language with the use of the mathematical functions that are contained within the math or the cmath library. Moreover, these mathematical functions are defined to perform complex mathematical calculations as well. Thus, one of these functions are available below.
fabs()
Function prototype:
double fabs(double x);
Description:
It returns the absolute value of ‘x’.
Example:
cout<< fabs(3.14161);
**returns 3.14161
pow()
Function prototype:
double pow (double base, double exponent).
Function Parameters:
base=> base value.
Exponent=> exponent value
Return value:
The value gained after raising the base to the exponent.
Description:
The function pow() takes in 2 arguments i.e. the base and the exponent. After that, it increases the base to the power of the exponent.
When the base is finite negative and the exponent is negative but is not an integer value, the domain error arises. Moreover, certain implementations can cause the domain error when the base and the exponent are both zero and if the base is 0 and the exponent is negative.
If the result of the function is too small or too big for the return type, it can result in a range error.
Browse more Topics under Inbuilt Functions
Example:
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
cout<< "2 ^ 4 = "<
Output:
2 ^ 4 = 16
4 ^ 12 = 1.67772e+07
7 ^ 3 = 343
sqrt()
Function prototype:
double sqrt (double x);
Function Parameters:
x=>value whose square root is to be calculated.
If ‘x’ is negative, domain_error occurs.
Return value:
A double value that indicates the square root of ‘x’.
If ‘x’ is negative, then the domain_error arises.
Description:
The sqrt() function takes in the number in the form of a parameter and calculates their squares root. Moreover, if the argument is negative, then a domain error will arise.
Example:
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
double param, result;
param = 1024.0;
result = sqrt (param);
cout<<"Square root of "<<param<<"(sqrt("<<param<<")):"<<result<<endl;
param = 25;
result = sqrt (param);
cout<<"Square root of "<<param<<"(sqrt("<<param<<")):"<<result<<endl;
return 0;
}
Output:
Square root of 1024(sqrt(1024)):32
Square root of 25(sqrt(25)):5
sin()
Function prototype:
double sin(double x);
Description:
It returns the sine of angle ‘x’ in the radians.
Example:
cout<< sin ( 60.0 * PI / 180.0 );
(here PI = 3.142)
**returns 0.841471
cos()
Function prototype:
double cos (double x);
Description:
It returns the cosine of the angle ‘x’ in the radians.
Example:
cout<< cos ( 60.0 * PI / 180.0 );
(here PI = 3.142)
**returns 0.540302
abs()
Function prototype:
return_type abs (data_type x);
Function Parameters:
x=> value whose absolute value is to be returned.
x can be of the following types:
double
float
long double
Return value:
It returns the exact value of ‘x’.
As the parameters, the return value can be of the following categories:
double
float
long double
Description:
We use the function abs() to return the exact value of the parameter that is passed to the function.
Example:
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
cout << "abs (10.57) = " << abs (10.57) << '\n';
cout << "abs (-25.63)Â = " << abs (-25.63) << '\n';
return 0;
}
Output:
abs(10.57) = 10.57
abs(-25.36) = 25.63
FAQs on Mathematical Functions
Question 1: With which do the trigonometric functions comes into use with angles in c++?
Answer: The trigonometric functions are applicable to the angles in the radians rather than the degrees.
Question 2: Deliver the output of the following C++ code?
Program:
#include
#include
int main ()
{
int param, result;
int n;
param = 8.0;
result = frexp (param , &n);
printf ("%d \n", param);
return 0;
}
Answer: In the above program, it is breaking out the number with the use of the frexp() function.
Output:
$ g++ math.cpp
$ a.out
8
Leave a Reply