Water is a natural liquid which is available in nature. It is available to us in various forms. There is also a scarcity of water, which is why we should save water. Let’s find out more about water availability and its forms.
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Introduction to Water Availability and Its Forms
About seventy-one percent of the earth is made up of water, however, not all of that water is fresh water. Over ninety-seven percent of the water available is ocean water which can not be used for drinking.
Out of this ninety-seven percent, only three percent of water is freshwater out of which seventy-seven percent of the water is frozen and is in the form of ice caps, glaciers, etc and groundwater makes up twenty-two percent of this fresh water the rest one percent is found in the river, lake, pond, streams, etc.
Forms of Water
Water is available in all three states of matter i.e. solid, liquid and gaseous. In liquid form, water is in its normal state. Ice is the solid state of water and the gaseous state of water is vapour. Water is one of the few substances which is heavier in liquid state than in solid state.
The process of converting water from liquid to gas is called evaporation. And freezing is when water changes its state from liquid to solid. When water changes from solid state to liquid state, melting occurs. Sublimation is a process which transforms water from solid form to gaseous form directly.
Annual Rainfall in India
India has different rainfall regions like excessive rainfall regions, heavy rainfall regions, moderate rainfall region, scanty rainfall region, and deserts and semi-desert areas. Rainfall in India is highly uneven over a period of time in a year. The western coasts and North East India receive rainfall of over 400 cm. It is less than 60 cms in western Rajasthan and adjoining parts of Gujarat, Haryana, and Punjab.
Questions For You
Q1. The amount of water recommended by the United Nations for drinking, washing, cooking and maintaining proper hygiene is a minimum of …………………… per person per day. This amount is about …………….. buckets of water per person per day.
- Fifty litres, two and a half
- Twenty-five litres, two and a half
- Fifty-five litres, three and a half
- Seventy litres, one and a half
Sol: The correct answer is option ‘a’. The amount of water recommended by the United Nations for drinking, washing, cooking and maintaining proper hygiene is a minimum of fifty litres per person per day. This amount is about two and a half buckets of water per person per day.
Q2. From where the energy comes which powers the water cycle?
- It comes from oceans
- It comes from rains
- Option a and option b
- It comes from the sun
Sol: The correct answer is the option ”d”. The energy which rotates the water between the oceans, atmosphere and land comes from the sun. The sun heats the water present on earth in revers, ponds, and oceans. This water evaporates in the form of vapour into the air (atmosphere).
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