CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 13 - Hydrocarbons Class 11 Notes

Hydrocarbons Class 11 Revision Notes

This article deals with hydrocarbons class 11 notes. First of all, the term ‘hydrocarbons’ refers to compounds of carbon and hydrogen only. Hydrocarbons certainly play a crucial role in our lives. Furthermore, humans obtain diesel, kerosene, and petrol by the fractional distillation of petroleum. Similarly, humans obtain coal gas by the destructive distillation of coal. All such fuels, which are sources of energy, comprise of a mixture of hydrocarbons.

The most important reactions of alkenes certainly happen to be combustion, oxidization, aromatization, and free radical substitution. Furthermore, alkenes and alkynes undergo various multiple reactions. Most noteworthy, these reactions are addition reactions which are mainly electrophilic additions. Also, aromatic hydrocarbons undergo mainly electrophilic substitution reactions in spite of having unsaturation.

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Sub-topics covered under Hydrocarbons

Alkanes– Alkanes refer to organic compounds that consist only of carbon and hydrogen atoms which are single-bonded.
Conformation of Alkanes– Conformation of alkanes deals with isomers of alkanes whose formation is because of slight structural changes.
Nomenclature and Preparation of Alkenes– This deals with the naming and the preparation of the Alkenes.
Nomenclature and Preparation of Alkynes– Naming of Alkynes takes place by counting the longest continuous chain’s number of carbons and their preparation is very similar to those of the alkenes.
Nomenclature and Preparation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons– As per the IUPAC system, the naming of aromatic hydrocarbons takes place as the derivatives of benzene while their preparation takes place by various methods and the most common method is by isolating coal tar.
Properties of Alkenes– Alkanes refers to the unsaturated form of hydrocarbons.
Properties of Alkynes– Alkynes is the third type of hydrocarbon which has at least one triple bond between a pair of carbon atoms.
Properties of Aromatic Hydrocarbons– Aromatic Hydrocarbons refer to cyclic hydrocarbons which have delocalized pi electrons between the carbon atoms of the ring.