Difference Between Monocotyledon And Dicotyledon

The plant in which seed consist of one cotyledon is called as the monocotyledon, while the plant in which seed consist of two cotyledons is known as the dicotyledon. Monocotyledon plants include wheat, maize, palm, ginger, banana, onion, garlic whereas, Dicotyledon plants include potato, tomato, pea, rose, groundnut, eucalyptus, hibiscus.

The cotyledon is found within the embryo. It is not the true leaf. If it is a single seed leaf, it is termed as monocots and if it is the pair of leaves then it is said to be dicots. The cotyledon is known as the first seed leaf.

The family of a plant is useful to know many factors about plants. It help us to know what kind of seed it is, what are the factors required for the growth and how it will germinate, etc. There are various families of plant, among which the monocots and dicots belong to the most miscellaneous and occupied family which are known as Angiosperms.

Let us understand more noticeable key points about the difference between monocotyledon and dicotyledon.

Difference Between Monocotyledon And Dicotyledon

Character	Monocotyledon	Dicotyledon
Definition	The plants in which the seed have only one cotyledon are known as monocots. Such plants are monocotyledons.	The plants in which the seed have two cotyledons are known as dicots. Such plants are dicotyledons.
Leaves	The system of the leaf is parallel in monocotyledons. These leaves are isobilateral.	There is the net-like system present in the leaf of dicotyledons. These leaves are dorsiventral.
Stem	Vascular bundles in stems are separated throughout in monocotyledon.	Vascular bundles in stems are organised in a ring-like pattern in dicotyledon.
Roots	It consist of fibrous roots with many branches.	It consist of tap roots with long thick root.
Flower Parts	It is present in multiples of three.	It is present in multiples of four or five.
Embryo	Monocotyledon contains one cotyledon.	Dicotyledons contains two cotyledons.
Pollen Tube	Pollen tube in it contains single pore.	Pollen tube in it has three or more pore.
Secondary growth	It is absent, cambium absent.	It is present, cambium present.
Woody/Herbaceous	It is herbaceous.	It is both woody as well herbaceous.
Examples	Sugarcane, banana tree, daffodils, palm, ginger, wheat, grass, rice, corn, millets.	Mint,tomato, beans, lentils, pea lettuce, pea and peanuts.

Monocots

Monocotyledons are a class of flowering plants, mostly herbacoeus. It includes more than 75 000 species. Monocots are defined according to the class comes from the structure of the seeds which consist of one cotyledon. The embryo consist of one cotyledon.

The seeds of Monocotyledons usually stores the proteins and starch. It is required for the growth of the plant and has a well-developed endosperm.

Monocotyledons leaves are isobilateral with stomata on both surfaces of the leaves. The stem consist of parallel veins, smooth edge, and long sheath. The main root is not developed, so the root system is fibrous with many branches.The number of individual parts of the flowers is multiply of three with a simple calix.

The stem can be hollow with vascular bundles separated throughout the stem. Stems and roots do not have a cambium. Stems and roots does not have capability to expand in diameter.

The flower plants are divided into the following subclasses:

Alismatidae,
Liliidae,
Arecidae

The examples of monocotyledon are Sugarcane, ginger, wheat, banana tree, daffodils, palm grass, rice, corn.

Dicots

Dicotyledons are a class of flowering plants, which includes annual plants to trees. The plant which includes two lateral cotyledons in each seed are known as dicots. Such plants are dicotyledons. It has radical root system.

The seeds stores proteins, starch, oils. It is required for the growth of the plant until it begins to photosynthesize.

The leaves are simple or complex, with two surfaces differing from each other. They have net venation and are often with uneven edges, spiky with the stomata present on the down surface.

The stems are solid with vascular bundles in the stems and are present in rings . Stems and roots have a cambium and are capable enough to expand in diameter.

The flower plants are divided into the following subclasses: