Difference Between Cerebellum And Cerebrum

Difference Between Cerebellum And Cerebrum

The cerebrum and Cerebellum are the two parts of the human brain or central nervous system that plays an essential role in our life. The major differences between the cerebrum and cerebellum are due to the size, location, and constitution of the brain. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain whereas the cerebellum is a much smaller part of the brain. The cerebrum comprises about 83% of the total brain whereas the cerebellum constitutes only about 11%. The cerebrum is located in the forebrain whereas the cerebellum is located in the hindbrain. Let us understand the key difference between the Cerebellum And Cerebrum.

Character	Cerebellum	Cerebrum
Functions	Cerebellum’s main functions are motor coordination, posture maintenance, and balance.	The cerebrum’s main functions are sensory, motor, and higher mental functions.
Size	The size is smaller than the cerebrum.	It is the Largest of the central nervous system.
Parts	It consists of 2 cerebellar hemispheres that are connected by peduncles to the brain stem.	It consists of 2 cerebral hemispheres with 4 lobes on each hemisphere.
Memory	The cerebellum is not always associated with memory.	The cerebrum is associated with memory
Motor Activities	It helps in the coordination of motor activities.	It helps in planning and initiation of motor movements.
Fibers	Vermis connects two side hemispheres	The Corpus callosum connects two side hemispheres.
Component of Brain	Hindbrain	Forebrain
Vision	Cerebellum coordinate eye movements in response to a sensory stimulus.	The cerebrum records and comprehends the visual stimulus.

Cerebrum

Definition of Cerebrum

The cerebrum is defined as 9 times the largest part of the brain which comprises about 80% of the total mass of the brain. It is divided into right and left hemispheres. Each cerebral hemisphere is surrounded by grey matter and white matter within.

Structure of Cerebrum

Cerebral is a part of the forebrain present in the upper cranial cavity of the brain. It consists of the cerebral hemisphere and cerebral cortex.

Cerebral hemisphere: There are two deep lines that refer to the left and right cerebral hemispheres. The left hemisphere controls the left side of the body, whereas the right hemisphere controls the right side of the body. The Corpus callosum links the two hemispheres of the brain and helps in sending messages between the two hemispheres.

Each hemisphere is surrounded by grey matter. This material is formed by the “Nerve-cells”. Inside the grey matter, white matter is present. This white material is formed by the “Nerve fibers”. The nerve fibers in the white matter pass signals between the nerve cells and the other parts of the brain and body. Each cerebral hemisphere consists of four lobes like frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobe. It helps in speech, learning, emotions, etc, and performs the following functions.

Cerebral lobes	Functions
Frontal lobe	It helps in the voluntary movement.
Parietal lobe	It helps in general sensation.
Occipital lobe	It helps in the processing of visual information.
Temporal lobe	It helps in the auditory process.

Cerebral cortex: The cerebral cortex is the structural element of the cerebrum. It expands the surface area of the brain. Inside the cerebrum, there is a bulk of a six-layered structure of the cerebral cortex. This bulk is known as “Neocortex” which demands higher information processing.

Gyrus: In the cerebrum, there is a bulk of uplifted area refers to “Gyri”. It increases the surface area of the cerebrum. Depending upon the functional roles its divides the lobes. Gyri also consist of motor functions in the frontal lobe of the cerebrum known as “Precentral gyrus”. Gyrus is involved in sensory function in the parietal lobe known as “Postcentral gyrus”.

Sulcus: Central sulcus is present in the structure of the cerebrum which separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe.

Cerebellum

Definition of Cerebellum

The cerebellum is defined as the second largest part of the brain, which only comprises 11% of the total mass of the brain. Similar to the cerebrum, the cerebellum also consists of two hemispheres, outer grey matter, and inner white matter. The cerebellum contains 50% of the brain’s neuron and dedicated cells.

The cerebellum is present on the back of the brain. Each cerebellum hemisphere has anterior, posterior, and flocculonodular lobe. The cerebellum commands in learning, reasoning functions, maintaining balance and posture, etc.

Structure of Crebebellum

Cerebellum also has two hemispheres like the cerebrum. It is located underneath the occipital and temporal lobe of the cerebrum.

The cerebellum is found behind the pons and above the brain stem. So, the cerebellum is part of the “Hindbrain”.

Cerebellum hemisphere: The cerebellum develops after the division of metencephalon which is divided by the four lobes of the cerebrum by the “Tentorium cerebelli”.

“Vermis” connects the two cerebellum hemisphere. It contains grey as well as white matter. A total of three lobes are present in the cerebellum; anterior, posterior, and flocculonodular lobe.

A cerebellum has three zones as follows,

• Vermis zone: It is the midline area that links the two cerebellum hemispheres.
• Intermediate zone: It is found intermediate to either side of the vermis zone.
• Lateral hemisphere: It is located in the lateral to intermediate zone.

The main function of the cerebellum is to command the brain and pass signals to the rest of body parts to carry out a particular task and that’s why it is also known as “Little brain”.